UK Planning Reform Campaign

Britain's
broken planning

4.3 million households on housing waiting lists. Rents at record highs. Infrastructure blocked for years. The evidence for reform is overwhelming — and the time to act is now.

4.3M
Households on housing waiting lists in England
DLUHC, 2023
100k
Homes short of the government's own annual target
MHCLG Live Table 209, 2023
4 yrs
Average major infrastructure approval — doubled since 2012
National Infrastructure Commission, 2023
39%
Local authorities with an up-to-date Local Plan
Planning Advisory Service, 2023
The Problem

Three crises.
One calcified system.

The Town and Country Planning Act 1947 was built for post-war reconstruction. It has not kept pace with modern Britain — and the people paying the price are renters, young people, and the millions on waiting lists.

A Chronic Housing Shortage

England builds ~200,000 homes a year — a third below its own 300,000 target. The Resolution Foundation estimates a structural shortfall of 4.3 million homes. The average first-time buyer is now 33, up from 29 in 1997.

Resolution Foundation, 2023

Infrastructure Held Up for Years

The National Infrastructure Commission found approval times for nationally significant projects doubled to over 4 years between 2012–2023. A direct barrier to the energy transition, grid expansion, and modern transport.

NIC, 2023

Record-High Rents

Private rents in England rose 9.2% in the year to December 2024 — the highest rate on record. The Resolution Foundation links planning-constrained supply directly to rent inflation, costing renters ~£2,300/year extra.

ONS, Dec 2024

Planning Backlogs

DLUHC data shows 68% of major planning applications now exceed the statutory 8-week deadline. Planning officer numbers fell 20% in real terms between 2010 and 2023, while application volumes rose.

DLUHC, 2024

Outdated Local Plans

Only 39% of local authorities had an up-to-date Local Plan in 2023. This triggers planning by appeal — unpredictable, expensive, and consistently delivering worse outcomes than proactive plan-making.

Planning Advisory Service, 2023

A Structurally Unequal System

The planning system over-represents existing homeowners who benefit from rising values and can organise to oppose change. Renters and young people are structurally excluded — a political economy problem as much as a policy one.

LSE Housing, 2022
£2,300Annual rent premium due to planning-constrained supplyResolution Foundation, 2023
68%Major planning applications exceeding statutory 8-week deadlineDLUHC Planning Statistics, 2024
9.2%Annual rent rise in England — highest rate on recordONS, December 2024
35%Of South East house prices explained by planning constraints aloneHilber & Vermeulen, Economic Journal 2016
Expert Consensus

What the research says

"The planning system is the single biggest obstacle to increasing housing supply in England. Reform is not optional — it is arithmetically necessary."
Resolution Foundation — 2023 Intergenerational Audit
"England's discretionary, case-by-case approach creates uncertainty, inflates costs, and systematically under-delivers. The evidence for a rules-based zonal approach is strong."
LSE Centre for Economic Performance — Discussion Paper 1843, 2022
"Approval times for nationally significant infrastructure projects have more than doubled. This is a structural problem of an underfunded, under-reformed system."
National Infrastructure Commission — Planning for the Future, 2023
"Failure to reform planning has been the single largest contributor to the widening gap in living standards between homeowners and renters, and between generations."
Institute for Fiscal Studies — Deaton Review of Inequalities, 2023
The evidence is clear.
Your MP needs to hear it.
Evidence Base

Peer-reviewed research
& official data

Every claim on this site is grounded in published research or official statistics. Full references with links to primary sources. Updated March 2025.

01
Housing SupplyPeer-reviewed
Hilber, C. & Vermeulen, W.
The Impact of Supply Constraints on House Prices in England
Economic Journal, 126(591), pp. 358–405. Royal Economic Society, 2016. Planning constraints explain ~35% of house prices in the South East. Prices would be ~30% lower under more permissive European-style systems.
doi:10.1111/ecoj.12213
02
HousingInequality
Resolution Foundation
Housing Outlook: 2023 Intergenerational Audit
Resolution Foundation, 2023. England faces a structural shortfall of ~4.3 million homes. Planning-constrained supply costs renters ~£2,300/year vs comparable European countries. Average first-time buyer age now 33, up from 29 in 1997.
resolutionfoundation.org
03
Housing SupplyGovernment Review
Barker, K. (HM Treasury)
Review of Housing Supply: Delivering Stability
HM Treasury / ODPM, 2004. England needs 70,000–120,000 additional homes/year above 2004 levels to stabilise prices. Still the baseline evidence for reform two decades later.
National Archives
04
InfrastructureOfficial
National Infrastructure Commission
Planning for the Future: Improving the Planning System for Major Infrastructure
NIC, 2023. Average NSIP approval times doubled from ~2 to over 4 years between 2012 and 2023. Primary causes: chronic under-resourcing of the Planning Inspectorate and procedural complexity enabling repetitive objection.
nic.org.uk
05
System ReformPeer-reviewed
LSE Centre for Economic Performance
Planning Reform: What Would Actually Work?
CEP Discussion Paper No. 1843, LSE, 2022. England's discretionary model creates systematic uncertainty, raises costs, and reduces supply. Recommends a rules-based zonal system for residential land, as used in Germany, the Netherlands, and Japan.
lse.ac.uk
06
Local PlansOfficial
Planning Advisory Service / DLUHC
Local Plan Making: Authority Performance Data 2022–23
MHCLG, 2023. Only 39% of local planning authorities in England had an up-to-date Local Plan as of 2023, triggering a legal presumption in favour of development and planning by appeal.
gov.uk
07
System PerformanceOfficial
DLUHC / MHCLG
Planning Applications Statistics: England, 2023–24
DLUHC, 2024. 68% of major planning applications exceeded the statutory 8-week target in 2023–24. Planning officer numbers fell 20% in real terms between 2010 and 2023, despite rising application volumes.
gov.uk
08
RentsOfficial
Office for National Statistics
Private Rental Market Summary Statistics: England, December 2024
ONS, 2025. Private rents rose 9.2% in the year to December 2024 — the highest rate since records began in 2015. London rents rose 11.5%. Average rents are ~50% higher in real terms than 2015.
ons.gov.uk
09
Economic EvidenceBook
Cheshire, P., Nathan, M. & Overman, H.
Urban Economics and Urban Policy: Challenging Conventional Policy Wisdom
Edward Elgar Publishing, 2014. ISBN: 978-1781007099. Urban containment policies including Green Belt impose measurable economic costs by restricting agglomeration and artificially inflating land prices.
10
Policy AnalysisInequality
Institute for Fiscal Studies
Housing: Where Do We Go From Here?
IFS Deaton Review of Inequalities, Chapter 8, 2023. Failure to reform planning identified as the single largest contributor to widening inequality between homeowners and renters. Mandatory LHN targets are the most effective lever available to central government.
ifs.org.uk
11
DeliveryIndustry Research
Lichfields Planning & Development Consultancy
Start to Finish: How Quickly Do Large-Scale Housing Sites Deliver?
Lichfields, 2020 (updated 2022). Sites of 2,000+ homes take an average of 15.5 years from allocation to full delivery. Planning delays account for 5–7 years of this, across 100+ major sites.
lichfields.uk
12
Policy FrameworkGovernment
UK Government / MHCLG
National Planning Policy Framework — December 2024 Revision
MHCLG, 2024. Current statutory framework governing planning in England. The 2024 revision reintroduced mandatory Local Housing Need targets. Regarded as the most significant NPPF revision since 2012.
gov.uk
Our Platform

Six evidence-based reforms

We don't campaign for any party. We campaign for specific, deliverable reforms — each grounded in published research and precedent from comparable democracies.

01

Restore Mandatory Local Housing Need Targets

The December 2024 NPPF revision reintroduced mandatory LHN targets, weakened in 2022. These must be robust, consistently applied, and insulated from local political pressure. The IFS identifies mandatory targets as the single most effective lever to increase housing delivery.

Housing SupplyNPPFIFS Deaton Review, 2023
02

Fund Local Planning Authorities Properly

Planning officers fell 20% in real terms between 2010 and 2023, while application volumes rose. 68% of major applications now miss deadlines. Fix: increase planning fees, ring-fence revenue for planning teams, restore Whitehall resourcing of the Planning Inspectorate.

CapacityResourcingDLUHC Statistics, 2024
03

Streamline National Infrastructure Approval

The NIC documented a doubling of NSIP approval timelines since 2012. Reforms needed: statutory timeboxing of examination stages; limits on repetitive re-submissions; a fully digital Planning Inspectorate; and up-to-date national policy statements so examiners have clear frameworks.

InfrastructureNSIPsNIC: Planning for the Future
04

Reform Compulsory Purchase to Unlock Land

The gap between agricultural and residential land values in England is among the largest in the developed world. Reforming the Land Compensation Act 1961 for fair-price compulsory purchase would enable local authorities to assemble sites and deliver affordable homes — standard practice in Germany and the Netherlands.

Land ReformAffordabilityPlanning for the Future White Paper
05

Introduce Use-Class Zoning for Residential Land

The LSE CEP has shown England's discretionary, case-by-case model creates systematic uncertainty and inflates development costs. A rules-based zonal approach — where designated residential zones carry automatic permission in principle — reduces delays and costs without sacrificing design quality.

06

Give Future Residents a Voice

Planning consultations over-represent existing homeowners and under-represent renters, young people, and prospective residents. Reforms: digital-first consultation, mandatory weighting of housing need statistics in decisions, and participatory models that include those who'd benefit from development.

Democratic ReformParticipationResolution Foundation, 2023
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Select the issues you want to raise with your MP (choose all that apply)
🏠 Housing shortage
4.3M waiting, 100k shortfall/yr, LHN targets
📈 Record-high rents
9.2% rise in 2024, £2,300/yr premium
⚡ Infrastructure delays
NSIPs doubled to 4+ years, energy transition at risk
🌿 Green Belt reform
Grey Belt development, land release near transport
⏱ Planning backlogs
68% of applications miss deadlines, LPA underfunding
🗺 Zonal planning
Reduce discretionary delay, rules-based system
🏗 Land reform & CPO
Fair-price compulsory purchase, unlock stalled sites
🗳 Democratic fairness
Give future residents and renters a voice in planning
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Who We Are

Evidence, not ideology

Fix Planning is a non-partisan, evidence-based campaign for planning reform in England and Wales. We are not aligned with any political party.

Fix Planning is a voluntary, non-partisan campaign. The case for reform is so compelling on the evidence that it should command support across the political spectrum. We work with researchers, housing professionals, and campaigners of all backgrounds.

We were founded in 2024 in response to the stalling of meaningful planning reform in the face of organised opposition from incumbent homeowners. The people who bear the costs of undersupply — renters, young people, those on waiting lists — are systematically under-represented in planning processes.

We are part of the Progress Labs network of evidence-based campaigns. We have no commercial relationship with any housebuilder, developer, or landowner. Our reference list is public. Our letter tool processes no data server-side.

We aim to change the political environment by mobilising public pressure, equipping supporters with the evidence they need, and making peer-reviewed research accessible to non-specialists.

The planning debate has for too long been dominated by those with a financial interest in the status quo. Our role is to give voice to the 4.3 million households on waiting lists and the millions more who can't afford to buy or who are priced out of their cities.

If you want to get involved as a researcher, campaigner, designer, or organiser: [email protected]

How We Work

Our principles

01

Evidence first

We cite peer-reviewed sources and official statistics for every quantitative claim. Where evidence is contested, we say so. No assertion without a citation.

02

No tribalism

We do not support any party. The evidence for planning reform cuts across party lines. We work with researchers and campaigners from all political backgrounds.

03

Specific asks

We campaign for specific, deliverable reforms — not general concern. Our six-point platform is grounded in comparative policy analysis and international precedent.

04

Radical transparency

Our reference list is public. Our letter tool processes no data server-side. We are a small voluntary campaign with no commercial interests in any development, anywhere.

05

Reform, not abolition

We don't campaign to abolish planning. Good planning is essential for quality places. We campaign to reform a system that has become a tool for obstruction rather than thoughtful growth.

06

Voice for future residents

Planning decisions affect people not yet in a place. The system should weigh the interests of future residents — the next generation, those priced out — alongside existing ones.

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Last updated: 1 March 2025

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